Solr 101 Cognitive Class Exam Answers

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Introduction to Solr 101

Apache Solr is an open-source search platform built on Apache Lucene. It’s designed for scalability and provides powerful full-text search, hit highlighting, faceted search, dynamic clustering, database integration, and rich document handling. Solr is widely used for building enterprise search applications and powering e-commerce search, content repositories, and other applications requiring fast and efficient search functionality.

Key Features of Apache Solr:

1. Full-Text Search: Solr supports full-text search capabilities, enabling users to perform complex queries on large volumes of data.
2. Scalability and Performance: Solr is designed to scale horizontally, allowing you to distribute indexing and search across multiple servers for high availability and performance.
3. Faceted Search: Also known as faceted navigation or faceted browsing, this feature allows users to filter search results by various criteria, such as categories, tags, or metadata.
4. Highlighting: Solr can highlight search terms within the retrieved documents, making it easier for users to identify relevant information.
5. Geospatial Search: Solr provides support for geospatial search queries, allowing users to search for documents based on location or spatial proximity.
6. NoSQL Features: Solr can function as a NoSQL database, supporting features like schemaless mode, JSON support, and document indexing.
7. Integration: It integrates well with other systems and databases, supporting data import/export features and offering connectors for popular data sources.
8. Extensibility: Solr is highly extensible through plugins and customizations, allowing developers to tailor it to specific use cases.

Components of Apache Solr:

• Indexing: Solr indexes documents that you want to search. It supports various document formats like XML, JSON, PDF, Word, and more.
• Querying: Solr provides a powerful query language for retrieving indexed documents based on user queries. Queries can be simple keyword searches or complex queries with filters, facets, and more.
• Administration UI: Solr comes with a built-in web interface (Solr Admin UI) for managing and monitoring Solr instances, configuring settings, and analyzing performance.
• Integration: Solr can be integrated into applications via its REST-like HTTP/XML and JSON APIs, making it accessible from different programming languages and platforms.

Getting Started with Apache Solr:

To get started with Apache Solr, you typically:

1. Download and Install: Download Solr from the official Apache Solr website and install it on your server or local machine.
2. Index Data: Index your documents into Solr. You can use Solr’s Data Import Handler (DIH), HTTP POST requests, or other methods to populate your Solr index.
3. Query Data: Use Solr’s query syntax to retrieve documents based on user queries. Experiment with filters, facets, highlighting, and other features to enhance search capabilities.
4. Monitor and Tune: Monitor the performance of your Solr instance using Solr Admin UI or monitoring tools. Tune Solr configuration based on your performance requirements.
5. Integrate: Integrate Solr into your application by sending HTTP requests to Solr’s APIs to perform searches and retrieve search results.

Apache Solr provides robust search capabilities that can be tailored to meet diverse search requirements, from small-scale projects to large enterprise applications. It’s a versatile tool that continues to evolve with new features and improvements to support modern search and information retrieval needs.

Solr 101 Cognitive Class Certification Answers

Module 1 – Search Engines Quiz Answers

Question 1: Which of the following statements is NOT correct?

• Solr is written in C# and built around the Apache Lucene search engine.
• When you perform a search in Solr, the index gets searched.
• Solr is a web application running on its own server.
• Solr uses an inverted index that maps tokens to locations.

Question 2: Queries can be analyzed before they are submitted to Solr. True or false?

• False
• True

Question 3: Which of the following options is NOT correct?

• You don’t explicitly have to tell Solr how to read csv files.
• The index in Solr is composed of many documents.
• Each document is composed of many fields.
• Solr handles unstructured documents automatically.

Module 2 – Configuring and Adding Documents to Solr Quiz Answers

Question 1: Which file specifies how documents are organized in the index?

• solrconfig.xml
• schema.json
• schema.dat
• schema.xml

Question 2: Fields must be indexed and stored. True or false?

• False
• True

Question 3: Which of the following methods can be used to add a document to Solr?

• Use a client API such as SolrJ.
• Use a data import handler.
• Create a Solr Cell to extract text from formats like PDFs and Word documents.
• Directly make a request to the update URL.
• All of the above

Module 3 – Analyzers Queries Quiz Answers

Question 1: Which of the following statements is NOT correct?

• StopFilter removes generally useless words such as “the”, “at”, “and”.
• Analyzers consist of tokenizers and filters.
• StandardTokenizer delimits by whitespace and punctuation, except for periods not followed by whitespace.
• Tokenizers and filters can only be chained together in a specific order.

Question 2: Lowercase filter converts all letters in each token to lowercase without touching non-letters. True or false?

• False
• True

Question 3: Which of the following statements is NOT true?

• Square brackets make the range exclusive, and curly braces are inclusive.
• You can make a query negative by adding a minus symbol prefix.
• You can match multiple values against the same field in a single term.
• If the search string is an asterisk, you won’t necessarily get every document.

Module 4 – Solrj and Customization Quiz Answers

Question 1: Which of the following statements is NOT correct?

• SolrJ is the Java client API for Solr.
• SolrJ is not as powerful as update processors and request handlers.
• SolrJ does not manage the configuration of your server.
• SolrJ eliminates the need to manually construct HTTP requests and handle responses.

Question 2: Which location does NOT contain SolrJ dependencies by default?

• solr/example/dist
• solr/dist/solrj-lib
• solr/example/lib/ext
• solr/dist

Question 3: SolrCloud is managed by Apache Zookeeper. True or false?

• False
• True

Solr 101 Final Exam Answers

Question 1: The data model in Solr consists of

• Database, Storage, Data
• Index, Row, Column
• Index, Document, Field
• None of the above

Question 2: You have the following field in one of your documents:

title : “Game of Thrones”

The field is defined as follows:

< field name=”title” type=”string” indexed=”true” / >

Which of the following query strings would match the title?

• “Game of Thrones”
• “Thrones”
• “game of thrones”
• All of the above

Question 3: Where are document fields defined?

• Solr web console
• schema.xml
• solrconfig.xml
• None of the above

Question 4: The first step of many Solr projects is to make a copy of the Solr example directory. True or false?

• True
• False

Question 5: The embedded zookeeper server available with Solr is suitable for production. True or false?

• True
• False

Question 6: The best way to index a SQL database is

• Manually
• Apache Tika Extractor
• SolrJ
• Data Import Handler

Question 7: If you want the “title” field of your documents to be searchable, which attribute is necessary?

• indexed=”false”
• stored=”false”
• indexed=”true”
• stored=”true”

Question 8: Where do you specify the set of analyzers that a field will use?

• solrconfig.xml
• The fieldType in schema.xml
• The field in schema.xml
• None of the above

Question 9: Solr is a web server that communicates via HTTP. True or false?

• True
• False

Question 10: How would you configure Solr to automatically generate an “id” field for each document?

• Set primaryKey=”true” in the document field
• Add an Update Request Processor to solrconfig.xml
• No configuration needed – Solr will fill in missing fields by default
• This is not possible

Question 11: How can you add documents to Solr?

• With a client API
• With a Data Import Handler
• Extract with Apache Tika
• Directly via URL
• All of the above

Question 12: Where do you put queries in a Data Import Handler?

• Source tag
• Query tag
• Document tag
• Entity tag

Question 13: You can join a nested entity with its parent entity, just like a SQL JOIN statement. True or false?

• True
• False

Question 14: When you extract from a PDF or Word Document, all of the text is put into a single field called “content”. True or false?

• True
• False

Question 15: How would you search for all documents with a quantity greater than 20 but less than 50?

• quantity:[BETWEEN 20 AND 50]
• quantity:{20 TO 50}
• 20 < QUANTITY > 50
• quantity:[20 TO 50]

Question 16: What is the meaning of the ^ query operator?

• ^ is the “boost” part of the query, increasing its score
• ^ is the Boolean OR operator
• ^ is the Boolean AND operator
• ^ is a wildcard character that matches anything

Question 17: When using a client API like SolrJ, you don’t need to configure schema.xml and solrconfig.xml. True or false?

• True
• False

Question 18: Using SolrJ, how would you connect to collection 1 on your Solr server?

• solr = new HttpSolrServer();
• solr = new HttpSolrServer(“http://localhost:8983/solr”, “collection1” );
• HttpSolrServer.connect(“collection1”);
• solr = new HttpSolrServer(“http://localhost:8983/solr/collection1” );

Question 19: In SolrJ, how do you finalize changes to your index?

• solr.commit();
• solr.end();
• solr.finish();
• None of the above

Question 20: What is a facet query?

• A separate query that provides a summary of data.
• A query run on a subset of the index
• A secondary query that restricts the results of the original query
• None of the above